diagnosis code hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure levels. Blood pressure is commonly denoted by two figures, such as 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mmHg), with the higher figure indicating systolic pressure—the force exerted when the heart contracts—and the lower figure indicating diastolic pressure—the force when the heart is at rest. Hypertension is diagnosed when an adult's systolic pressure is ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic pressure is ≥90 mmHg on multiple consecutive measurements without the use of antihypertensive medications.

Hypertension can be broadly categorized into primary and secondary forms. Primary hypertension, the most prevalent type, has a multifaceted etiology, including genetic predispositions, unhealthy lifestyle choices (like high-salt intake, sedentary behavior, smoking, and heavy drinking), excess body weight, and high stress levels. Secondary hypertension stems from other health conditions or factors, such as renal diseases, hormonal imbalances, and the side effects of certain medications. Primary hypertension often progresses gradually, with early stages potentially asymptomatic, earning it the moniker 'silent killer'. As the disease advances, symptoms like headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and shortness of breath may emerge. Untreated hypertension can lead to severe cardiovascular complications, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to adhere to a low-salt, low-fat diet, maintain a healthy weight, engage in regular physical activity, and minimize mental stress and tension. Compliance with medical advice is essential, including regular blood pressure monitoring and adjustment of treatment plans as necessary. Self-discontinuation of medication or alterations to dosages is discouraged to prevent blood pressure fluctuations and the heightened risk of cardiovascular incidents. Should any discomfort arise or blood pressure control prove inadequate, prompt medical consultation is advised.