aha 2023 hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular condition that can adversely impact heart and kidney functions. According to the 2023 guidelines from the American Heart Association (AHA), normal blood pressure levels for adults are defined as a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Blood pressure readings between 120 and 129 mmHg systolic with a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg are classified as elevated normal. Prehypertension is characterized by systolic pressures ranging from 130 to 139 mmHg or diastolic pressures between 80 and 89 mmHg. Hypertension is diagnosed when systolic pressure is consistently at or above 140 mmHg, or diastolic pressure is at or above 90 mmHg.

The risks associated with hypertension escalate with increasing blood pressure levels. Chronic hypertension may lead to increased strain on the heart, potentially resulting in conditions such as cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. Additionally, it can impair kidney function, causing proteinuria and a decline in renal function. Hypertension is also a significant risk factor for severe cardiovascular events, including stroke and coronary artery disease. Thus, for individuals with hypertension, regular blood pressure monitoring and timely treatment are essential.

For those with hypertension, lifestyle modifications are crucial, including adhering to a low-sodium diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and maintaining a healthy weight. Regular blood pressure checks are imperative, and the use of antihypertensive medications should be guided by a healthcare professional. It is important not to alter the dosage or discontinue medication without medical advice to prevent blood pressure fluctuations and the heightened risk of cardiovascular incidents. Persistent abnormal blood pressure or other concerning symptoms should prompt a visit to a healthcare provider for professional evaluation and treatment.