incidence of pulmonary hypertension

The prevalence of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) varies by region, age, and gender. Typically, it affects approximately 15 to 36 individuals per million, with a slightly higher prevalence in females compared to males, and the rate tends to rise with increasing age.

The etiology of PAH is multifactorial, involving genetic predispositions, autoimmune diseases, cardiac conditions, and chronic pulmonary disorders. The leading cause is PAH secondary to left heart failure, followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial lung disease. There are also rare causes, such as pulmonary vasculitis and post-thrombotic pulmonary hypertension. These factors can result in elevated pulmonary artery pressures, leading to the development of PAH.

In terms of prevention and management of PAH, it is crucial to actively manage underlying conditions, including controlling chronic diseases like hypertension and diabetes, abstaining from smoking, and moderating alcohol intake to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Regular health check-ups are essential for early detection and treatment of potential cardiopulmonary issues. Upon diagnosis of PAH, it is imperative to adhere to a medication regimen prescribed by a healthcare provider and to avoid self-medicating without professional guidance.