dx code for hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition, coded as I10 in the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10). It is categorized into primary and secondary hypertension, with the former being the most common and having an unclear etiology, potentially linked to genetics, environment, and lifestyle factors. Secondary hypertension results from other conditions such as renal diseases, endocrine disorders, and sleep apnea syndrome.

Clinical diagnosis of hypertension is primarily based on blood pressure readings. Normal blood pressure is defined as a systolic pressure below 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure below 80 mmHg. Prehypertension is indicated by a systolic pressure between 120 and 129 mmHg with a diastolic pressure under 80 mmHg. Stage 1 hypertension is characterized by a systolic pressure between 130 and 139 mmHg or a diastolic pressure between 80 and 89 mmHg. Stage 2 hypertension is diagnosed when systolic pressure is 140 mmHg or higher, or diastolic pressure is 90 mmHg or higher. There is also a critical form known as hypertensive emergency, marked by a rapid rise in blood pressure and significant organ dysfunction.

For individuals with hypertension, lifestyle modifications are crucial alongside pharmacological treatment. Recommendations include adopting a healthy diet low in salt and fat with high fiber; engaging in moderate exercise, at least 150 minutes per week of moderate-intensity aerobic activity; abstaining from smoking and limiting alcohol; maintaining a healthy weight; and preserving a positive mental state. Regular blood pressure monitoring and adherence to prescribed treatment regimens are essential, avoiding self-discontinuation or dosage alterations. Immediate medical consultation is advised for any discomfort or inadequate blood pressure management.