nclex questions on hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular condition that can lead to damage in several organs including the heart, brain, and kidneys. Thus, it is crucial for healthcare professionals to be well-versed in hypertension-related knowledge. Below are some frequently asked questions and their answers concerning hypertension:

1. What is the definition of hypertension?

Answer: Hypertension is characterized by a persistently elevated blood pressure within the blood vessels, surpassing the normal limits. Typically, an adult's blood pressure should be below 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mmHg). If blood pressure consistently exceeds this threshold, it may be classified as hypertension.

2. What symptoms are associated with hypertension?

Answer: In the early stages, hypertension may not present any noticeable symptoms. However, as the condition advances, symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and chest discomfort may emerge. Furthermore, chronic hypertension can result in damage to multiple organs, such as the heart, brain, and kidneys, potentially leading to severe complications like heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease.

3. How can hypertension be prevented and treated?

Answer: The cornerstone of preventing and treating hypertension lies in lifestyle modifications. Firstly, adopting a healthy diet that reduces salt intake and emphasizes fruits and vegetables while limiting high-fat foods is essential. Secondly, engaging in regular physical activity, such as at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise per week, is recommended. Additionally, quitting smoking, moderating alcohol consumption, and maintaining a positive mental state contribute to blood pressure control. For individuals with diagnosed hypertension, it is advised to take antihypertensive medications under a physician's supervision and to monitor blood pressure levels regularly.