hypertension jnc 8 guidelines pdf

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular condition, with the JNC 8 guidelines typically defining it as a sustained systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher, and/or a diastolic blood pressure of 90 mmHg or higher, in the absence of antihypertensive medication. This definition is generally applicable to most adults, although it's important to recognize that for certain specific groups, such as the elderly or those with diabetes, the criteria for diagnosing hypertension may vary.

Upon closer examination, hypertension is categorized from mild to severe. Mild hypertension is characterized by a systolic blood pressure ranging from 140 to 159 mmHg, or a diastolic blood pressure between 90 and 99 mmHg. Moderate hypertension is indicated by a systolic blood pressure between 160 and 179 mmHg, or a diastolic blood pressure between 100 and 109 mmHg. Severe hypertension is defined as a systolic blood pressure of 180 mmHg or higher, or a diastolic blood pressure of 110 mmHg or higher. There is also a unique condition known as isolated diastolic hypertension, where the systolic pressure is within the normal range, yet the diastolic pressure remains at or above 90 mmHg.

For individuals with hypertension, it is crucial to adopt a low-salt diet, engage in regular physical activity, maintain a healthy weight, abstain from smoking, and limit alcohol consumption to lower blood pressure and reduce the risk of cardiovascular incidents. Regular blood pressure monitoring is essential, and the use of antihypertensive medications should be under the supervision of a healthcare provider, avoiding the arbitrary adjustment or cessation of medication. Should blood pressure remain elevated or additional symptoms of discomfort arise, seeking medical attention is imperative.