dx code hypertension

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure within the blood vessels, exceeding the normal range. Individuals with hypertension typically require long-term blood pressure monitoring and appropriate therapeutic interventions.

Hypertension is diagnosed based on the average of multiple blood pressure readings. For adults at rest, if the systolic blood pressure (the top number) remains above 140 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and/or the diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) remains above 90 mmHg, hypertension is diagnosed. Hypertension is categorized into primary and secondary forms. Primary hypertension, also referred to as essential hypertension, constitutes the majority of cases and its exact cause remains unclear, though it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Secondary hypertension results from other underlying conditions, such as kidney diseases, endocrine disorders, and sleep apnea.

In addition to pharmacological treatment, lifestyle modifications are crucial for individuals with hypertension. It is advised that they maintain a healthy diet, including a low-sodium intake, increased consumption of fruits and vegetables, and moderation in alcohol; engage in regular physical activity; manage their weight; abstain from smoking and limit alcohol intake; and maintain a positive mental state. Regular blood pressure monitoring and adherence to prescribed medication regimens are essential, without self-discontinuation or dosage alteration. Should symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, or palpitations worsen, prompt medical attention is necessary.