icd 10 codes for hypertension

Hypertension is among the most prevalent chronic conditions. As per the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10), hypertension is categorized into primary (I10) and secondary (I15) forms. Primary hypertension is characterized by the absence of a definitive etiology, whereas secondary hypertension results from other underlying diseases or factors.

Within the category of primary hypertension, further distinctions are made based on blood pressure readings: grade 1 hypertension (I10.0), grade 2 hypertension (I10.1), and hypertension with unspecified grade (I10.9). Grade 1 hypertension is defined by systolic blood pressure ranging from 140 to 159 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure from 90 to 99 mmHg. Grade 2 hypertension is indicated by systolic blood pressure of 160 mmHg or higher and diastolic blood pressure of 100 mmHg or higher. Hypertension with unspecified grade refers to cases where blood pressure levels are not explicitly stated.

Secondary hypertension can be attributed to various causes, including renal diseases, endocrine disorders, and cardiovascular conditions. Renal parenchymal hypertension (I12) arises from parenchymal kidney disease, while renal vascular hypertension (I13.0) stems from renal vascular abnormalities such as renal artery stenosis. Additionally, endocrine conditions like Cushing's syndrome (E24.0) and pheochromocytoma (D35.2) can lead to hypertension.

For individuals with hypertension, lifestyle modifications are crucial alongside pharmacological interventions. It is advisable to adopt a healthy diet, minimize the consumption of salt and fatty foods, and increase the intake of vegetables and fruits. Engaging in regular physical activity can also aid in blood pressure control. Furthermore, abstaining from smoking, moderating alcohol intake, and maintaining a positive mental state are beneficial for managing hypertension. Should symptoms such as dizziness, headaches, or palpitations arise, prompt medical attention is essential, with treatment guided by a healthcare professional.