hypertension guidelines 2024 pdf

Hypertension is a prevalent chronic condition, typically diagnosed based on blood pressure readings. As per the 'Hypertension Guidelines 2024', an adult may be diagnosed with hypertension if their systolic blood pressure is consistently at or above 140 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) and/or their diastolic blood pressure is consistently at or above 90 mmHg while in a resting state.

Hypertension is categorized into several stages. The initial stage is characterized by mild elevation of blood pressure, with systolic values ranging from 140-159 mmHg and diastolic values from 90-99 mmHg. Individuals at this stage often exhibit no significant symptoms but should begin to monitor and adjust their lifestyle to manage blood pressure. The subsequent stage is moderate hypertension, with systolic pressures between 160-179 mmHg and diastolic pressures between 100-109 mmHg. Patients may start to experience mild symptoms such as headaches and dizziness, necessitating more aggressive control through medication and lifestyle modifications. The final stage is severe hypertension, where systolic pressure is 180 mmHg or higher and diastolic pressure is 110 mmHg or higher. Patients in this stage may present with severe symptoms like intense headaches and blurred vision, warranting urgent medical attention.

For individuals with hypertension, maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial, including a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and abstaining from smoking and limiting alcohol intake. Regular blood pressure monitoring and adherence to prescribed medication are essential. Should blood pressure remain uncontrolled or any discomforting symptoms arise, immediate medical consultation and adjustment of the treatment plan under a physician's guidance are advised. It is imperative not to discontinue medication or alter dosages without professional guidance.